What should a Notary do if they learn that a document was signed under false pretenses?

When a notary learns that a document was signed under false pretenses, the appropriate action is to refrain from proceeding with the notarization and to report the situation if necessary. This is because the integrity and purpose of notarization are fundamentally based on the principle that the signatory is acting voluntarily, understanding, and intending to execute the document. If there are indications that the signing was done under false pretenses—such as coercion, fraud, or deception—the notarization process cannot be performed ethically or legally.

Not proceeding protects not only the integrity of the notarial act but also the rights and interests of all parties involved. It prevents the potential endorsement of a document that could be used to perpetrate fraud or mislead others. Additionally, if the circumstances warrant it, the notary is often obligated to report such activities to relevant authorities, ensuring the proper measures are taken to address the situation.

In contrast to this option, simply proceeding with the notarization or asking the signatory for clarification does not address the serious implications involved in cases of false pretenses. Consulting with another notary may provide guidance, but it does not substitute for the responsibility of the notary to act in accordance with ethical standards and legal obligations in the face of potential fraud.